John Paul Jones was one of the founders of the United States Navy.  During the Revolution, the colonies were desperate. They needed men to lead their small ships against the British fleet. Jones was more than willing to fight.

　　John Paul Jones had once been a captain of a British merchant ship.  In 1773, his crew mutinied.  one member of the crew tried to gain control of the ship. Jones shot the man to death. The mutiny took place near the port of Tobago, an island in the Caribbean.  Authorities thers decided to have a trial.  This meant certain death for John Paul Jones, since the whole crew would testify against him. One night during a thunderstorm9 he escaped from the jail.

　　He fled to the United States and lived with a family named Jones.  His real name was John Paul. He added the name of Jones to his, in honor of the family. He outwitted the British ships that were sent to hunt him down.

　　When the American Revolution ended he went to serve in the Russian navy . There he fought the Turks and achieved one of the few major naval victories in the history of Russia. He died in Paris at the age of forty-five.

　　John Paul Jones is considered both an American and Russian hero, but the English considered him a fugitive.

　　1. John Paul Jones won a major victory for the Russian navy against the___________.

　　A. French             B. British                C. Turks              D. Spanish

　　2. You can conclude from this passage that Jones was ___________.

　　A. thoughtful        B. fearful                 C. kind               D. courageous

　　3. The passage is basically a___________.

　　A. biography of John Paul Jones

　　B. criticism of John Paul Jones

　　C. history of the United States Navy

　　D. comparison of the American and Russian navies

　　4. "Desperate" means ___________.

　　A. in great need      B. reckless                   C. hopeless            D. skillful

　　　　The Northern Pike is a very bad fish.  It is a big_, hungry fish, and swallows little fish such as trout and perch. Many Northern Pikes live in Lake Davis. They are killing all the smaller fish in the lake.  The Northern Pike are a serious threat to the lake because they eat all the smaller fish.  Soon, all other species of fish in the lake will be killed off.   This is not healthy for the environment.

　　Experts are afraid that the Northern Pick will swim out of Lake Davis through many smaller rivers that feed into the lake.  They could spread all over the country and damage many other water environments. If that happens, it would be too late to stop the Northern Pike.

　　For ten years, officials have been trying to remove the Northern Pike from Lake Davis. They have tried using nets, explosives and poisons. However, the Northern Pick pupulation is still doing well in Lake Davis.  Many people do not like the idea of using poison to kill the fish. They worry that the poisons are bad for humans who use the water. No trace of the poisons has ever been found in local wells, however.

　　Scientists are going to try the posison again. This time, they will drain the lake before they add the poison to the water. A public hearing will be held to talke about the problem.

　　5. Why are some people against the use of poisons to kill Northern Pike?

　　A. Fishermen will be poisoned too.

　　B. The poisons are expensive.
　C. They think that wells will be polluted.

　　D. The lake will become unsafe.

　　6. What will scientists do to make sure the poison works this time?

　　A. They will try some of it themselves.

　　B. They will use a special kind of poison.

　　C. They will drain the lake first.

　　D. They will only put the poison in the wells.

　　7. What are the experts afraid will happen?

　　A. The Northern Pike will die.                                                 .

　　B. The wells will be polluted.

　　C. Poisons will kill the Northern Pike.

　　D. The Northern Pike will swim into other lakes.

　　8. Why is it a problem if all the smaller fish species die?

　　A. It't not healthy for the environment.

　　B. People only like to eatch big fish.

　　C. There are too many small fish.

　　D. The smaller fish can get lost in the lake.